Muscle Anatomy - Bones Ligaments Tendons Muscles Cartilage


Bones provide attachment points and support for muscles. Bones are connected together by fibrous tissue called Ligaments. Tendons are also fibrous tissue and attach muscle to bone. Both have some elasticity and do not heal on their own if torn. An inflamed tendon is called tendonitis and is caused by overstretching the tendon. Cartilage is also fibrous tissue but is not elastic. Cartilage is used to cushion the junction of two bones.

The body is divided into three anatomical planes the Frontal, Sagittal and Horizontal. The Frontal plane divides the body from front to back. The Sagittal plane divides the body down the center or vertically. The Horizontal plane divides upper and lower. The table below lists the anatomical term and the corresponding description.

ANATOMICAL TERM
DESCRIPTION
Anterior
front
Posterior
back
Medial
inside
Lateral
outside
Supine
face up
Unilateral
one side
Bilateral
both sides
Prone
face down
Superior
upper
Inferior
lower

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